Vital functions.

Living things perform three vital functions:
NUTRITION, REPRODUCTION AND INTERACTION. 

                                   NUTRITION:
   -Living things obtain nutrients from their environment 
     and transform them into energy. 
   -This energy allows them to live, grow and develop.

   -Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis.
   -Animals feed on other living things. 
   -Decomposer, feed on the remains of dead plants and animals. 
      (fungi and bacteria are decomposers) 

                                  REPRODUCTION:
  

Reproduction can be: sexual or asexual.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION occurs when only one organism is required:
                                                    -bacteria
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION    occurs when two different types of indiviual are required:
                                                   - male and female.



                                 INTERACTION:
All living things interact with their environment. 
   -stimulus: a change in the enviornment can cause a reaction. 
   -response: the reaction.  







.............................................................................................................................................
EXPLAIN 
WHY 
ANIMAL CELLS
DO NOT HAVE  CHLOROPLASTS.


  Animal cells do not have chloroplast 
             because:
       -they do not perform 
       -the process of photosynthesis. 



WHAT STIMULI   DO   SUNFLOWERS
                   RESPOND TO?


Sunflowers respond to the stimuli of :
               light and water. 

cell structure

                  CELL STRUCTURE.

1. What is a cell?
     A cell is the smallest living unit.

2. What are the parts of an animal cell?
    Animal cells have the following parts:

   -The nucleus.
   -The cell membrane.
   -The cytoplasm.              -The vacuoles.








                                                                                                         


3. What are the parts of a plant cell?
    Plants cells have the following parts:

 -The nucleus.
 -The cell membrane.
 -The cytoplasm.
 -A strong cell wall
 -Chloroplast
 -and Vacuole
  






 
4. Describe the difference between
    unicellular and multicellular organisms.
    

Unicellular Organisms:
- They have only one cell.
- For example, paramecium, bacteria, amoeba...
- In a single cell performs all three vital functions.




Pluricellular Organisms:
-They are made up of many cells.
-For example: birds, humans, insects, flowers, 
                        mold, trees,
-In a multicellular organisms, the different cells
  carry out different functions. 

 

    













5. DEFINITIONS.
    1. What controls the nucleus?
         +The nucleus controls the functions 
            of the cell.(all cell activities).
          +It contains DNA.
    2. What controls the cell membrane?
        The cell membrane controls what enters 
         and leaves the cell.
    3. What is the cytoplasm?
         The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance
          in the cell where chemical reactions
          happen. 
     4. What do the vacuoles contain?
          The vacuoles contain water and minerals
          which the organism needs in order to grow. 


      In addition to the above characteristics, 
       plant cells have:

     5. What is a cell wall in plant cells?
         A strong cell wall, which protects the cell
         and gives it its shape. 

     6. What do Chloroplasts contain?
          Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll needed 
           during photosynthesis. 


6. What scientific instrument do we use to 
     observe cells? 
    

  
  

Cell Rap

Diagnostic test. Circle the odd one out..

  


 

The cell song.Every single/little cell in my body is happy.